MY STUDY SUBJECT IN UNIVERSITY-FISHERIES:THE IMPORTANT AND INTERESTING INFORMATION ABOUT FISHING AND FISHERIES

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Hello, Hive friends.

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This is my very first writing in this wonderful community. Today I'd like to share about my university study subject called fisheries. Let's share some interesting information about fishing and fisheries.

Fisheries play a vital role in human life and also for commercial purposes, especially for communities that live near rivers, lakes, oceans, and wetland seas. Fishery refers to a place where fish are raised or caught for food, commercial purposes, or recreation such as fishing. It can involve both capturing wild fish from natural water bodies such as seas, oceans, shores, and other open wetlands and also raising fish in artificial environments, like fish farms, inland aquaculture, and culture fisheries. Fisheries are not just about catching fish, but they are very deeply connected with food security, employment, trade, and the environment.One county can develop by capture and culture fisheries.

Types of Fisheries

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Fisheries is a diverse branch of biological science that can be broadly classified into two main categories:

1.capture fisheries

2. culture (or aquaculture) fisheries.

1. Capture Fisheries

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These are based on the natural stock of fish available in oceans, rivers, lakes, ponds, etc. Fishing is done by catching using traditional gear like longlines, harpoons, etc., or modern techniques, including nets, fishing lines, or traps.

Marine capture fisheries involve catching fish in the deep sea, such as tuna, cod, or mackerel, etc., while inland capture fisheries are carried out in freshwater bodies like rivers and lakes with some traditional fishing gear.

2. Culture Fisheries like Aquaculture:

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Aquaculture includes breeding, raising, and harvesting fish in controlled environments like fish ponds, tanks, or cages for crab- and shrimp-like species in rivers and seas. Common species cultured through aquaculture include tilapia, catfish, carp, and shrimp. This method nowadays becomes very popular among people and also commercially increases production in recent years due to the decline of fish populations in the wild.

Importance of Fisheries

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Fisheries now contribute in many significant ways, like

Food Source:

Fish is a rich source of protein, about 60 percent, and essential nutrients. In many countries, especially in coastal and island nations, fish is a most important part of the diet. Coastal people depend on fisheries for their livelihood and food security.

Employment:

Fisheries is a vast source of opportunity for employment. Millions of people across the world depend on fisheries for their livelihood. In our country, about 1.2 million people depend on fisheries for their work and livelihoods. This includes fishermen, fish farmers, traders, and workers in fish processing industries.

Economic Contribution:

Fisheries, including income for both individuals and governments. Exporting fish and seafood is a major source of foreign exchange for many developing countries. Our country also increased the opportunity to export fisheries products and improved economic opportunity.

Environmental Balance:

Fish are an important part of aquatic ecosystems. Maintaining healthy fish populations helps preserve biodiversity and ecosystem balance. Fisheries cover all the water body ecosystems and play a major role in aquatic environments.

Modern Techniques in Fisheries

In recent years, technology has improved and increased fisheries development. Fish finders, GPS, better boats, and improved nets make it easier to catch fish in inland and open oceans. In aquaculture, advanced feeding systems, water filtration, and disease control methods help increase production and also help in preventing diseases caused in fish and fishery products. These improvements support food production but also raise environmental concerns.

Challenges Facing Fisheries

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Despite their importance, fisheries face several problems that affect the fisheries sectors, like

1. Overfishing:

One of the biggest threats is overfishing and catching fish faster than they can reproduce. Nowadays, due to overfishing, some fish species are becoming critically endangered. This leads to a drop in fish population, putting some species at risk of extinction. According to IUCN 2015, the survey shows that almost nine species of fish become critically endangered.

2. Pollution:

In our country, the water quality of lakes and rivers is not so good. Waste from factories, agriculture, and plastic pollution harms fish habitats and reproduction systems. Contaminated water affects fish health and reduces the quality of seafood. Also, due to water pollution, some fish died.

3. Climate Change:

Nowadays Rising sea temperatures and changes are a major concern in fisheries sectors, and also ocean currents affect fish migration and breeding patterns. Coral reefs and other breeding grounds are also being destroyed due to some climate change, like sea level rise.

4. Illegal and Unregulated Fishing:

Some fishers do not follow rules or fish in protected areas. In our country, this term is not followed. People are catching fish without following fishing laws and regulations. This puts further pressure on already vulnerable fish populations.

5. Diseases and Parasites in Aquaculture:

In fish farms, if proper care is not taken, fish can suffer from overcrowding, several outbreaks of diseases, and parasites, which can spread quickly and cause losses. It hampers the population of fisheries.

Solutions and Sustainable Practices of fisheries

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To ensure fisheries security and livelihoods, few measures are must be followed, such as

Fishing Regulations:

Governments and international bodies need to follow laws and regulations and enforce fishing limits and seasonal bans and protect endangered species.

Marine Protected Area:

Creating some no-fishing zones helping fish populations recover and maintaining biodiversity in open wetlands likes rivers, oceans etc

Responsible Aquaculture:

Fish farming should use eco-friendly practices, and some dangerous harmful chemicals, and maintain pure water quality by putting some fishing laws and regulations in place by the government.

Public Awareness:

Educating people about the importance of sustainable fishing and how the fisheries sector works and responsible seafood choices can make a big difference.

Conclusion

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Fisheries are more than just sources of fish; they are also crucial for global food supply, economic development, environmental health, and employment opportunities. But without proper care and sustainable practices, the future of fisheries is at risk day by day. Balancing human needs with environmental protection, we can ensure that fisheries remain a valuable resource for generations to come and must follow government rules for secure fisheries sectors.